Laurence M. Hauptmans Between Two Fires American Indians...

The American Civil War tore apart many American lives. These people lost loved ones, had to endure the pains of those who lost limbs, and deal with emotional needs. However American lives were not the only ones that suffered and fought the war. American Indians served for both the North and the South during the Civil War. There reasons was to what they could gain from the side the chose, pride for the land they lived in, and to Indians did not have much going for them at the time. From generals to privets they stood there ground and fought with pride. Laurence M. Hauptman tells their story in his book Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War Indians have fought in every war from the Battle of Oriskany in 1777 to the Gulf†¦show more content†¦Watie and his followers continued to fight for the South. The focus is turned to the Pamunkey of Virginia and the Lumbee of North Carolina. These tribes did not like the white supremacist attitude and served for the benefit of the North. The Pamunkey worked as river boat pilots for General McClellans Army during the Peninsula campaign in 1862. The Lumbees were fighting the Confederate Home Guard during Shermans Carolina campaign. Both Pamunkey and the Lumbee thought themselves as avengers to people of color. In Mr. Hauptman book he writes of how important the Eastern Band of Cherokee and the Catawba of South Carolina were to the Confederacy. The Cherokee had over four hundred men led by William Holland Thomas, a white man who had been adopted by the Cherokee when he was a child. With Thomass leadership they prevented Union attacks along Confederate communication and rail links. They also intimated Union supporters in east Tennessee and western North Carolina. The Cherokees did so well that they were allowed to keep some land in western North Carolina along the Tennessee border. The Catawba were dependent on whites and became the first to join the South as infantrymen. They also worked to capture runaway slaves trying to make their way North. The Indians in the Northeast join the North mostly because of dependency on the white man and out of a since of loyalty they served as union sharpshooters most of

Is Euthanasia Immoral Essay - 1690 Words

Is Euthanasia Immoral? Mr. Blackburn Inquiry Skills 2 Dec. 1996 In todays society there are many disagreements about the rights and wrongs of euthanasia. Although death is unavoidable for human beings, suffering before death is unbearable not only for terminal patients but for the family members and friends. Euthanasia comes from the Greek word Thanatos meaning death and the prefix eu meaning easy or good (Russell 94). Thus, eu- Thanatos meaning easy or good death. Euthanasia is a better choice for terminal patients than suicide. In our society, suicide is always traumatic for families and friends. If there is no alternative to relieve the suffering of terminal patients, then the more humane option†¦show more content†¦After about five minutes, the machine delivered a lethal dose of potassium chloride(Levine 115). Some people think that euthanasia is not acceptable in our society because of a variety of reasons. Many who oppose of euthanasia fear that if it were to be legalized then many people would die needlessly and murders in so- called mercy killings would run rampant(Satris 262). Others believe that since we are the property of God then we should wait until He is ready to receive us(Russell 93). Many churches and religious groups oppose euthanasia stating that the sixth commandment Thou Shalt Not Kill also extends to euthanasia. But this also raises many questions. Why do these churches and religious groups specifically target euthanasia as horrific killing when there is war in this world. Every day countries send troops to kill and to be killed, but these religious groups seem to ignore these problems(Russell 93). Many medical doctors also oppose euthanasia. They say that assisted suicide violates ones will to survive and that it violates our dignity. They believe that one of our natu ral human goals is to survive and if we practice euthanasia, then that goal is destroyed(Satris 258). When doctors receive their license to practice medicine they have to take the Hippocratic Oath. This oath says that I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody when asked forShow MoreRelatedEssay on Euthanasia: Unethical And Immoral2106 Words   |  9 Pagesmedical condition, euthanasia should not be an end of life choice. But what is euthanasia or doctor-assisted suicide? Euthanasia is defined as the bringing about of a gentle and easy death for a person suffering from a painful incurable disease, while Suicide on the other hand, is the intentional killing of oneself. Doctor-assisted suicide combines both of these definitions with the idea of a physician helping a terminally ill patient to die. Doctors can perform euthanasia by giving a patientRead MoreWhat Makes A Human Being A Person?937 Words   |  4 Pagessmall topics of Bioethical issues is euthanasia and whether or not it is okay for anyone to partake in it. Euthanasia is the act of either passively or actively taking a person’s live. Another type of euthanasia is called voluntary euthanasia, which could also be called assisted suicide. It is morally okay to take person’s life if they asked for help. Therefore, euthanasia is morally okay. What makes a human a person plays a role in the moral judgement of euthanasia because it is up to the person whoRead MoreEuthanasia Should Be Legalized For Terminally Ill People1064 Words   |  5 PagesThe word euthanasia has a Greek meaning â€Å"the good death. On the other hand, in the society today, there are deeper and more meanings to euthanasia than before. Voluntary euthanasia concerns itself with the consent of the person to die through the assistance of others. Voluntary euthanasia can be divided into two areas: passive voluntary witch is holding back medical treatment with the patient’s request, active voluntary killing the patient at that patient s request informing the assistant on howRead More Euthanasia Should Not Be Legal Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pages Euthanasia is a word that comes from ancient Greece and it refers to â€Å"good death†. In the modern societies euthanasia is defined as taking away people’s lives who suffer from an in curable disease. They usually go through this process by painlessness ways to avoid the greatest pains that occurs from the disease. A huge number of countries in the World are against euthanasia and any specific type of it. One of the most important things being discussed nowadays is whether euthanasia should beRead MoreShould Euthanasia Be Legalized?1050 Words   |  5 Pagesend quickly, but knew it was not going to happen. If euthanasia and/or assisted suicide was legalized, perhaps his wish could have been true. Unfortunately, euthanasia is only legal in the states of Oregon and Washington at the current time. Euthanasia is considered immoral and wrong for contradicting a doctor’s job. However, it saves families the horrible sight of their loved ones dying, safeguards being up to protect any abuse towards euthanasia, and ultimate choice of being euthanized is upon theRead MoreAssisted Suicide And Voluntary Active Euthanasia Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagessuicide and vol untary active euthanasia. Physician assisted suicide is when the patient is prescribed lethal medicine by the doctor to commit suicide. While, voluntary active euthanasia is when a physician takes an active role in the action of killing the patient. There is often debate on whether or not any of these actions should be legalized in all states. Physician assisted suicide is legal in Oregon, California, Montana, Vermont, and Washington. Voluntary active euthanasia is illegal throughout theRead MoreEuthanasia Essay993 Words   |  4 Pagesyou believe?/ What is your opinion? Euthanasia is not wrong. Euthanasia can be a morally correct under appropriate supervision. What about the terms/definitions? Are they clear? What kind of problems or ambiguities arise here? The term Euthanasia is known by most ordinary people as it is a famous issue that still remain debatable. There should not be any problem understanding the argument of euthanasia is not wrong. Except the level of acceptance of Euthanasia the argument is trying to convey. TheRead MoreThe Ethical Debate On Non Voluntary Euthanasia963 Words   |  4 PagesThe ethical debate on non-voluntary euthanasia is a complex issue due to its multifaceted nature. This topic examines the morality of ending a human’s life in circumstances where the person is incapable of issuing explicit consent. These cases would include utilizing euthanasia on very young children or someone in a vegetative state. There lacks consent with young children since they cannot speak to provide consent. Explicit consent is lacking with someone in a vegetative state since they areRead MoreAssisted Suicide And Voluntary Active Euthanasia Essay1345 Words   |  6 Pagessuicide and voluntary active euthanasia. Phy sician assisted suicide is when the patient is prescribed lethal medicine by the doctor to commit suicide. Meanwhile, voluntary active euthanasia is when a physician takes an active role in the act of killing the patient. There is often debate on whether or not any of these actions should be legalized in all states. Physician assisted suicide is legal in Oregon, California, Montana, Vermont, and Washington. Voluntary active euthanasia is illegal throughout theRead MoreEssay on Euthanasia a Topic Surrounded by Controversies780 Words   |  4 Pages Euthanasia is a very controversial subject, due to the fact it’s a way of painless killing of a patient suffering from a debilitating disease that cannot be cured, or the patient is in a coma and has no way of coming out of it. In this case some societies consider it’s a good way of dying, as it is done to relieve pain and suffering. Some, especially most of religious individuals, consider this a form of a murder, which rai ses a question of morality. In this article, the author is discussing the

Analysis Of Business Change Solutions And Business Needs †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Business Change Solutions And Business Needs. Answer: Core competence a business analyst should have Synopsis: Business analysis has the potential to provide great benefits to business by ensuring that there is alignment between business change solutions and business needs. There are many potential for organizations to improve their information system that can offer competitive advantages but in reality, often it is out of reach. Organizations also seeking solutions to business issues and potential. In order to achieve this goals, business manager needs assist by some expert who have desired set of skills. These factors have laid directlyto the development of their business analyst role. Reflection: there are multiple role a business analyst should take in order to predict business profits for business change initiatives. The major issue occurs as an analyst is defining the business analyst role (Bryson 2018). Across a range of business forums, discussion with several hundred business analyst role does not always accurate represents the range of responsibilities that business analysts are capable of fulfilling. According to the BABOK business analysis can be define as set of techniques and tasks to provide solution to achieve desired goals and avoid future risks (Hass 2011). Business analyst is responsible for perform business analysis activities. For cases like when project team produces solutions for stakeholders through communicate requirement. If client is not satisfied with the solution the project fails. So all BA must have better understanding of Usability engineering.Business analysis practices as 32 tasks are described in BABOK focused on effectively perform business analysis. Critique: usually business analysts are often referred as subject matter expert (SME). However business persons are realizing the lake of effective business analysis for just depends on subject matter experts. Subject matter experts are also equally important but business analyst can enhance the business analysis practices further. BA must also familiar with the object oriented analysis and ensuring quality control. A Business analyst should have better understanding of skills and planning facility user acceptance testing plusensuring the aspects that every stakeholders is undertaken for the validate and verify the requirements. Critical skills for a successful design and develop technology redevelopment Synopsis: business analyst has crucial role in small or large business to embark on productivity and develop technology redevelopment. For ensuring the successful design and redevelop technology they needs some set of skills. These skilled professionals are responsible for ensuring requirements before technical or any other kind of solution is designed and plan the life-cycle to ensure the requirements meets the final solution and end-user is satisfied. An analyst must have several skills such as Business analysis skills, documentation and specification skills, critical thinking skills, communication skills and problem solving skills. Reflection:According to the Hill and Olding the BPA needs a combination of technical skills such as orchestration, decomposition including process modeling skills. There are several skills required in different business cycle. BPM CYCLE Business Analyst skills Stakeholders Knowledge about vision, goals and business strategy. Business process level design phase Familiarity of process model in tools such as EPC, BPMN. Knowledge of process auditing. Communication and interpersonal skills. Models for Strategy and knowledge audit plan Synopsis: In this topic the models of strategy analysis are discussed widely. Organizations should aware of the upcoming problems or predicted issues possible can appear in future. In business environment this type of issues `occurs often and uncertainty organizations are unable to predict the problems or had no plan to encounter them can turn to failure of any certain project or entire enterprise. To avoid this type of failures business analyst should consider some strategy analysis of both internal and external business environment. Reflection: For external analysis mainly there are two types of analysis is available porters five forces analysis and PESTLE analysis (Paul, Yeates and Cadle 2014). The analyst of the external environment is an ongoing process for senior management. From this analysis vital factors can deliver insights into issues for the opportunities or future for new successes. By doing internal analysis organizations offers insights into the area of weakness and strength. Internal analysis is needed to understand the fundamental skills of organizations so that associate sequences of actions can be acknowledged (Prahalad 2008). Utilizing the results of this type of analysis organizations can implement or change their current knowledge to gain the chance of success. There is no fact to adopt approaches associates with area of resources where strong capabilities are lacking. Mainly there are three techniques used to analyze internal factors such as Resource Audit, Most analysis and Boston Box. Porter five force model Critique: In the case of external analysis utilizing both pestle and porter five force model together can help to provide a detailed situation of futuristic problems. However, just using one model may leave gaps in understanding and knowledge (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016). This analysis can be done efficiently under the business analyst supervision to ensure capturing every aspects of internal and external analysis. All organization must manage and monitor every performance and also needs to measure performance in an efficient manner. Business analyst also have responsibility to outline the tactics that will allow the enterprise to accomplish its strategy, recognize the strategic options that will be address a particular situation and will assist the delivery of the business strategy. Relationship between organizational strategy and knowledge audit plan. Knowledge has esteem, and learning can present power as Sir Francis Bacon brought up in a book distributed in 1597. Both give the motivation important to it to be "managed" If it is acknowledged that a basic administration part incorporates "control" at that point the individuals who have information in whatever area and endeavored to practice some control over its scattering and utilize. Thus the individuals who don't have the learning may look to practice some control over the individuals who do have it (Sutcliffe and Sawyer 2014). Also, where information seems to struggle, each gathering endeavors to ensure control over the learning of the other. Today a lot of what is considered to be information comes from its support by the individuals who have authority and power instead of from thorough enquiry and confirmation. Also, cases can be referred to from most fields of try, including the universe of business (Quinn 2011). Those who have the power and expert are hesitant to surrender that the information which they claim to have and which they may have utilized instrumentally to fill some need, could be false and that in tolerating the substitution of their insight by the new learning they might be likewise be yielding their situation as the specialist One of the recent case shows more explanation and lessons. ENRON a multinational company, recently tried to enhance its stakeholders and double-deal the community by compromise the information regarding their trading performance. This provides apparent knowledge to the market and later proven as false and criminal duplicitous. Familiar with the outward knowledge of ENRONs presentation by which they rated AAA by credit rating agencies. That make the ENRON one of the most successful organization as a sample of best practice in the energy field. Inside survey results shows that, employees of the ENRON enjoyed working because of knowledge sharing environment (Mutch 2008). What ENRON demonstrated is an example of the use of, what Thompson outlines as Counter knowledge Leadership and team building skills Synopsis: The leadership skills and the team building skills are an important factor for a business analyst. This section defines the skills in the field of team building and the leadership that is required. All the projects are done in a team. A particular team is assigned for doing the work of the project. The business analyst should be capable enough to identify the people who are capable of performing the particular task. Under leadership skill the business analyst should have the capability of handling the various teams and address the requirements of the team. Reflection: The team building and the leadership skill are the most important skill that the business analyst should posses. The business analyst should have the capability of identifying the people who are capable for performing a particular work in a project. The team is formed by assembling team who are capable to perform the task. This is the team building capability that the business analyst should possess (Moore et al. 2015). This will help in the increasing the productivity of the team and the organization as a whole. The leadership skill that the business analyst should posses is that the business analyst should have an idea about the topics of the project. As a leader the person should have the knowledge about the topic of the projects so that if any of the team faces any difficulty then the problem can be solved by the business analyst. Critique: The improper functioning of the business analyst in the field of the team building and the leadership skills refers to the failure of the project. Building of a team that is not suitable to perform the work or the team members are not compatible with each other may cause the project to be incomplete (Hathaway 2014). It may not be possible for the team to complete the project. The lack of the leadership qualities may also be a problem for the organization and the completion of the project may become difficult for the organization. If there is lack of the leadership qualities in the business analyst then the analysis of the business is difficult for the analyst. As a result of which the understanding of the employees regarding the task may be wrong. Key process involved in understanding context Finding the correct methodologies for your business is unmistakably a major test. In any case, executing them frequently turns out to be a significantly better obstacle for senior directors and research persistently validates that numerous enterprises, huge and little, battle to convey the concurred methodologies to realization. Accordingly, overall industry parts, there is a developing accentuation being set on building execution abilities inside undertakings. The idea of your key procedures will normally rely on the sort of business you work however by and large all tourism organizations have comparable procedures; it's a matter of scale and size as far as the utilization of those procedures that is the genuine difference between organizations (Dalkir 2013). As you investigate how to improved deal with your procedures, a legitimate beginning stage is to be strong as to what they seem to be; in doing as such, it's critical not to make this excessively entangled an activity and despite the fact that there are numerous approaches to classifications your procedures, a straightforward method is to assemble organizations procedures beneath headlines, for example,: Core Processes core process are the perilous and business-wide processes that are fundamental to how organizations manage and business, they ca be conclude as Human Resources Finance Quality/CRM Leadership Marketing Innovation Supporting Processes there will also be a range of supporting processes that help the business to run smoothly and these may include: Administration Purchasing Information technology Environmental management Operational Processes these will vary by business type, but in a tourism context will likely include: Meetings and Events Accommodation Leisure Front Office Production There are also some other key process involved in understanding context such defining targets associates with business goals and performance of process. Certifying that the process is clearly defined to all the stakeholders and then mapped out (Goleman 2017). It is also essential to assembly the business case to senior management when extra assets are necessary to develop the process, and if resources are forthcoming the returns outlining must generated. Monitoring the performance of the process alongside the goals set and following the influence of developments. Functioning with stakeholders and employees to describe probable developments to the progression which meet end-user requirements but do so by providing maximum quality and efficiency. Implementing improvements to the process on a continuous basis. Requirement Elicitation (RE) is characterized as the way toward acquiring an extensive comprehension of stakeholder's fundamentals. It is the underlying and principle procedure of necessities building stage. Elicitation process as a regulation includes association with stakeholders to obtain their unpretentious desires. It effects clients to prompt their requirements and longings from the new techniques (Goetsch and Davis 2014). RE is a perplexing procedure as it constitutes looking for, deciding, picking up, securing, finding and explaining prerequisites of potential partner The Requirements Elicitation strategies that can be utilized are Questionnaires, Interviews Joint, Application Development (JAD), Observation Brainstorming, and so forth. There is no perfect skill that appliance in all circumstances (Kamath and Kamath 2018). One procedure is suitable for one specific circumstance and different works unsurpassed at some other circumstance. Shortcoming of one method can be killed by some other system. Utilizing assortment of procedures guarantees revealing the majority of the prerequisites and subsequently brings about compelling necessities elicitation. RE is typically the inadequately finished procedure of necessities building stage. Applying unseemly procedures impacts affects the framework improvement which thusly influences prerequisites of partners. RE process should be dealt with precisely by applying suitable systems adequately towards the general population. Experts need exhaustive information about every one of the procedures at exactly that point they can choose the proper one. References Bentley, K.A., Omer, T.C. and Sharp, N.Y., 2013. Business strategy, financial reporting irregularities, and audit effort.Contemporary Accounting Research,30(2), pp.780-817. Bryson, J.M., 2018.Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement. John Wiley Sons. Council of Writing Program Administrators, 2003 Defining and avoiding plagiarism: The WPA statement on best practices, viewed on 16th December 2014, https://wpacouncil.org/positions/WPAplagiarism.pdf Dalkir, K., 2013.Knowledge management in theory and practice. Routledge. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Goleman, D., 2017.Leadership That Gets Results (Harvard Business Review Classics). Harvard Business Press. Hass, K. 2011, The Enterprise Analyst: Developing creative solutions to complex business problems, Management Concepts, Inc, Hass, K. 2011, The Enterprise Analyst: Developing creative solutions to complex business problems, Management Concepts. Hathaway, T 2014, What is business analysis?, viewed on 14 January 2015, https://businessanalysisexperts.com/what-is-business-analysis/ International Institute of Business Analysis, 2009 Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge BABOK, Version 2, viewed on 16th December 2014, https://www.iiba.org/babok-guide.aspx Kamath, P. and Kamath, P. (2018).The Eight Competencies of Highly Effective IT Business Analysts. [online] BA Times. Available at: https://www.batimes.com/articles/the-eight-competencies-of-highly-effective-it-business-analysts.html [Accessed 31 Mar. 2018]. Moore, G.F., Audrey, S., Barker, M., Bond, L., Bonell, C., Hardeman, W., Moore, L., OCathain, A., Tinati, T., Wight, D. and Baird, J., 2015. Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council guidance.bmj,350, p.h1258. Mutch, A. 2008, Managing Information and Knowledge in Organisations London: Routledge. Paul D., Yeates, D., Cadle, J., 2014 Business Analysis, British informatics Society Ltd, Chapters 1 2 Prahalad, C.K, 2008 The role of core competencies in the corporation in The strategy of managing innovation and technology, Milson, M.R and Wilemon, D., Pentice Hall, Upper Saddle River. Quinn, MJ 2012, Ethics for the information age, Pearson, Boston. Sonteya, T and Seymour, L., 2012, 'Towards an understanding of the business process analyst: An analysis of competencies', Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 43-63. Sutcliffe, A. and Sawyer, P., 2013, July. Requirements elicitation: Towards the unknown unknowns. InRequirements Engineering Conference (RE), 2013 21st IEEE International(pp. 92-104). IEEE. Wasserstein, R.L. and Lazar, N.A., 2016. The ASA's statement on p-values: context, process, and purpose.

The Benefits of Global Teams Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the the Major Challenges that are faced by Organisations when Managing Global Teams. Introduction For achieving success in a global economy, an increasing number of organisations today are relying on a workforce that is geographically dispersed. They attempt to build up global teams comprising people from across the world who possess the best expertise functionally and also have in depth knowledge of the local and promising markets. By forming global teams such organisations draw on the benefits that are offered by international diversity and they also bring together individuals from varied cultural backgrounds, differing work experiences and possessing distinct perspectives on strategic as well as organisational challenges. These factors assist the multinational organisations to compete in todays business environment. However, the managers leading such global teams have to face stiff challenges. Creation of successful work groups is easier when everybody is local and the same office space is shared by them but when the members of the team belong to different nations, have varied functional background and work from different locations, challenges can be posed in the form of rapid deterioration of communication, misunderstanding and degeneration of cooperation into distrust (Neeley, 2015). This business research will discuss the challenges that are faced by organisations in managing global teams. Project Objective The main objectives of this business research are as follows To identify as well as describe the major challenges that are faced by organisations when managing global teams To develop an in-depth understanding of the ways in which these challenges are managed by the project managers in the virtual teams of the global projects Project Scope The designing of a theoretical framework will be done for research purposes. It will provide the definition of the concept of virtual teams and the major challenges associated with managing global teams of the dispersed projects. However, it does not take into consideration the experience of conducting any such virtual project. The focus will be on collection of expertise, knowledge and opinions of international experts from across the globe so that fresh ideas can be found on ways of dealing with the challenges and also on how to maintain trustworthy profitable relationships and day to day working interaction within the global teams. Literature Review From the perspective of an organisation, there are several benefits associated with global teams. These consist of opportunity for hiring talented employees irrespective of the geography, a work day that continues round the clock, reduction in costs along with increase in speed towards the markets (Filev, 2013). Improvements in customer services and productivity can occur if the virtual teams are designed as well as implemented in the correct way (A.D. Harris, 2005). However, there are also several challenges associated with the management of global teams and their effective management requires knowledge as well as understanding of the fundamental principles in relation to team dynamics irrespective of the space, time and communication distinction between face-to-face and virtual environments (Berry, 2011). Global Teams Global teams have been described as teams that are diverse culturally and also dispersed geographically (McDonough, Kahn, Barczak, 2004). Several international organisations build up global teams since it is viewed as effective manner of operating in global settings. Working in global teams requires the organisation to possess deeper understanding related to the mixed skills of the employees who belong to distinct countries and it also requires the managers to think beyond the collocated practices of project management. Thus, the global teams have to be knowledgeable in fields of coaching, conflict resolution, trust building, team building and coaching so as to build collaboration in an effective way (Binder, 2007). Global virtual teams are teams that consist of individuals from different locations geographically or / and different backgrounds culturally who rely on the technology of communication in order to interact with each other to a certain extent (Carter, Seely, Dagosta, DeCh urch, Zaccaro, 2014). Such team have also been defined as interdependent virtual team, the members of which are geographically as well as time dispersed throughout the national and cultural boundaries (Wildman Griffith, 2014). Challenges posed in Managing Global Teams Cultural Differences The greatest challenge faced by project managers in managing global teams is the cultural diversity that is possessed by the stakeholders as well as the team members working in various locations (Stolovitsky, 2012). A high degree of cultural difference between the members of the global team can result in an increased number of challenges, some of which the management might be having little experience of handling. Different cultures of the members of the global team can at times be the source of misunderstandings and conflicts. Cultural differences might also result in difficulties of coordination and prove to be an obstacle for effective communication (Powell, Piccoli, Ives, 2004). Hence it becomes crucial for the project managers to apply certain basic rules as well as practices so that they can gain advantage of cross-cultural communication. However, most of the authors are of the view that challenges posed by cultural understanding hold the key for successful performance (Hofsted e, Hofstede, Michael., Minkov., 2010). Communication In the virtual environment, majority of the communication that exists is non-verbal. This is the reason why it turns out to be a key issue for managing the global teams successfully. In a project environment of traditional type, the project managers possess the opportunity of communicating and implementing projects with the members of the team who are located in the similar geographical and physical location. In such cases face-to-face communication can be utilise as the primary communication method (Lee, 2013). Such communication methods are usually absent in case of global teams. The members of the global team do not possess the facility of reading the body language of their colleagues until a videoconference is arranged. The accessibility to listening to the tone of voice is also limited as the major ways to communicate comprise instant messaging, text and email (Plazas, 2013). The absence of face behind the words can lead to allocation of incorrect messages and emotions. This has increased the curiosity of finding out the ways in which communication can be managed in global teams. Trust Issues related to trust in virtual teams are usually present during the start of the project. As time is usually taken for building trust, most of the research papers indicate that people begin to trust others whom they meet on a regular basis sooner in comparison to an environment wherein communication takes place primarily by means of electronic technology. Addition of diverse backgrounds and language related difficulties makes it all the more complex (Duarte Snyder, 2006). The core of almost all the knowledge dissemination models in global teams comprises of trust in other members (Rosen, Furst, Blackburn, 2007). However, while efforts are put in for establishing trust in virtual teams, a more sceptical approach is adopted by others and they are of the view that for fostering trust face-to-face communication is required (Oertig Buergi, 2006). In the absence of trust between co-workers, proper functioning of the global teams is hampered. Although building as well as maintaining trust in a traditional and physical place of work is difficult, it becomes all the more difficult in a virtual environment where people usually are required to work with somebody whom they might not have met in person. When the global teams span across distinct cultures, it can result in cropping up of misunderstandings which are hard to detect and difficult to address. Additionally, global team rarely give time allocation for building relationships as there is no introductory meeting. Hence, in difficult times, it is difficult to give up all the things for talks which will be able to eliminate conflicts and repair relationships on the basis of cultural misunderstandings and mistrust (Kerravala, 2014). Differences of Time Zones Time is one of the issues in global teams as the members of the team are dispersed over varying time zones (Sankey Lee-Kelley, 2008). The utilisation of asynchronous technologies can help in overcoming various daylight working. However, a gap is still left between question and answer and such delays can prove to be inefficient and stressful in projects of critical nature. Even though the use of communication technology helps in bringing global team members together at virtually the same time, the impact of time zones cannot be completely mitigated by it (Piecewicz, 2010). The members of global teams thus need to identify the factors associated with time zone as the main dependency from the time of start of the project related initiatives. Conflicts Navigation of disputes that occur between members of the team is not easy. Conflicts between employees can turn out to be poisonous and cause damage in productivity, crushing of creativity as well as squashing of morale. Conflicts that remain unresolved cause lot of destruction in a traditional workplace. It is obvious that their complexity will increase in a virtual environment where the people lack proximity of working on their cultural differences and problems face-to-face. Conflicts in case of global teams are more likely to impact the performance in a negative way. Such conflicts are also more likely to be escalated (Petersen, 2014). Conflicts can be related to tasks or relationships. Interpersonal or relationship conflicts comprise effective components such as friction and tension. They consist of personal issues such as annoyance, personality clashes and mutual dislike among the team members. Conflicts which are task based are a reflection of the contradictory viewpoints in relation to implementation of working tasks. Language Differences Language is another significant challenge of managing global teams. English is the language that is spoken in most of the teams across the world. However, when English is spoken on a professional level as a second language it can result in several major misunderstandings as reaching the levels of the mother tongue is very difficult. Additionally, English itself also varies across nations even in those nations where it happens to be the official language such as in Singapore, Great Britain, Australia and the United States. In these nations also meanings of words can differ (Zakaria, Amelinckx, Wilemon, 2004). Even if each member of the team is able to speak English well, all of them speak it in their own ways which leads to another challenge of language knowhow (Oertig Buergi, 2006). Technological Differences As the global teams are dependent on technology for communicating, it is crucial to have knowledge of the ways in which technology can be used. The technological skills of the members of the team differ widely. It is critical to know not only the usage of a particular technology but also which technology is suitable for which purpose. Thus, efficient use of technology is very important. The above discussion shows that the managers of the global teams should know how to manage the challenges associated with cultural differences, communication, conflicts, trust, technological differences, variations in time zones and find out ways of overcoming the functional as well as cultural diversity in global teams that can be a cause of mistrust among the team members (Elbrahim, 2009). The expansion of the number of challenges continues to take place as new problems are being identified by the researchers when they try to manage global teams. The challenges that managers face while leading these global teams can thus be summed as the challenges associated with building virtual relationships, challenges associated with observation, evaluation, measurement and assessment of the work being done along with the skill development of every member of the global team (Zofi, 2011). Conclusion The benefits of global teams are recognised greatly in literature but research concentrating on challenges associated with managing such teams is scarce. The current study thus focuses on the challenges in managing global teams. The project managers managing such teams need to overcome several barriers like cultural issues, absence of face-to-face communication, temporal and geographical distances, issues related to trust, varied styles of communication and technological challenges. Consequently, management of global teams is not only more complex but also different from the management of traditional teams. Bibliography A.D., A., Harris, D. (2005). Organizational communication satisfaction in the virtual workplace. Journal of Management Development , 397-409. Berry, G. R. (2011). Enhancing effectiveness of Virtual Teams Communications. Journal of Business , 186-206. Binder, J. (2007). Global Project Management. Communication, collaboration and management across the borders. Hampshire: Gower Publishing Limited. Carter, D., Seely, P., Dagosta, J., DeChurch, L., Zaccaro, S. (2014). Leadership for Global Virtual Teams: Facilitating Teamwork Processes. Leading Global teams . New York: Springer Science+Business Media. Duarte, D., Snyder, N. (2006). Mastering virtual teams: strategies, tools, and techniques that succeed. San Francisco: The Jossey-Bass business management series. Elbrahim, A. N. (2009). Virtual Teams: a Literature Review. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences , 2653-2669. Filev, A. (2013). Expansion of Remote Teams: What Drives It Forward, and How Is It. PM World Journal , 1-3. Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G., Michael., Minkov. (2010). Cultures and organizations. Software of the mind : intercultural cooperation and its importance for survival. New York: McGraw-Hill. Kerravala, Z. (2014, September 17). Virtual Teams: Raising Productivity or the Silent Killer? No Jitter . Lee, M. R. (2013). Leading virtual project teams: Adapting leadership theories and communications techniques to 21st century organizations. United Kingdom: Auerbach Publishers. McDonough, I. E., Kahn, K., Barczak, G. (2004). An Investigation of the Use of Global, Virtual and Colocated New Product Development Teams. Journal of Product Innovation Management , 110-120. Neeley, T. (2015, October). Global Teams That Work. Harvard Business Review . Oertig, M., Buergi, T. (2006). The Challenges of Managing Cross-Cultural Virtual Project Teams. Team Performance Management , 23-30. Petersen, D. (2014, November 7). Lindred Greer: Why Virtual Teams Have More Conflict. Stanford Business . Piecewicz, M. (2010). Communication in Global Work Group Projects . Journal of Intercultural Management , 36-48. Plazas, P. (2013). Challenges of Managing a Virtual Team with an Ocean in Between. Project Management World Journal , 110. Powell, A., Piccoli, G., Ives, B. (2004). Virtual Teams: A Review of Current Literature and Directions for Future Research. ACM SIGMIS Database , 6-36. Rosen, B., Furst, S., Blackburn, R. (2007). Overcoming barriers to knowledge sharing in virtual teams. Organizational Dynamics , 259-273. Sankey, T., Lee-Kelley, L. (2008). Global Virtual Teams for value creation and project success: A Case Study. International Journal of Project Management , 51-62. Stolovitsky, L. (2012). Strategic Project Management in Global Economy: Best practices in Managing Geographically Dispersed Project Teams. PM World Journal , 1-4. Wildman, J. L., Griffith, R. (2014). Leading global teams: Translating Multidisciplinary science to practice. New York: United States: Springer-Verlag. Zakaria, N., Amelinckx, A., Wilemon, D. (. (2004). Working Together Apart? Building a Knowledge-Sharing Culture for Global Virtual Teams. Creativity and Innovation Management , 1529. Zofi, Y. (2011). A managers guide to virtual teams. New York, NY: American Management.

Take care about your reputation within the social networks for job hunting

Take care about your reputation within the social networks for job hunting Nowadays life realities are closely connected with the social networks activities. It is very convenient, since searching for a job you can get a lot of information about the company, you are interested in, read opinions of other people and avoid falling into a trap. For sure, there can be a lot of fake information and unverified facts, but by doing small investigation it is possible to find out what exactly you need. So as we appreciate the on-line reputation of the employers, the companies and firms explore our reputation in the social networks before making solution about hiring. There are a lot of different aspects to which companies pay attention and which can become determinative factor for your employment. Take care of your on-line presence If you want to find a nice position it is important to have a profile on the appropriate sites, which specialize in job hunting and are aimed for job matching. First of all it gives you the source of position search. Thus, you just post the appropriate information about yourself once and receive offers from companies, isn’t it convenient? The next thing is that nowadays companies appreciate and respect customers, who have nice skills of work with the computer and your account in the LinkedIn is the first sign of your knowledge and keeping up with the times. Make professional posts in LinkedIn Distinguish your personal matters and professional related issues. LinkedIn is the network for business communication and contacts. Avoid posting things, which have nothing in common with your education, work experience, aptitudes or personal skills. The employer will hardly appreciate such unserious relation and it can result in drawing wrong and undesirable conclusions about you. Thus, you should use your profile in Facebook for all your personal stuff and arrange your LinkedIn page in the continent and official manner. Arrange your profiles in other social networks Of course, you have profiles in other networks, such as Facebook or Twitter, where you post anything you like, including the information of different sort. Thus, it seems that there is no difference what photos or videos or any other information you have there, since your page in LinkedIn is perfect and the rest does not matter. Though, a lot of employers take care about the personal qualities of their team, so they can take it a step further and view your profiles in other networks. We doubt if they like the photos in a state of alcoholic or any other intoxication and dissolute or provocative posts. Do your best to eliminate such things, if there are any. Update and track your LinkedIn profile It is important to be an active user of the LinkedIn network, if you really want to find a job or arrange your reputation before job hunting. Update your profile with any new achievements you have. Be it an essay paper, published in the college newspaper, a new hobby or improved skills, just show the people that you are ready to develop and aim yourself to carrier and personal growth. Besides, it is significant to track your profile, since you can receive an offer any time and the sooner you answer, the more chances you will have. Check information out on Google and Bing All potential employers apply mostly same algorithm of information gathering. They check your profiles in the social network and then specify your name in the network search engines like Google and Bing. That is why, you should stuck to the same plan. Settle the things with your accounts and then insert your name into the search string of the biggest search engines. There can be some feedbacks or reviews from the previous companies, where you worked or just some forums or all possible sorts of other things. Make sure that all the information is positive, if it is not so, do your best to improve the things. So pay attention to the above mentioned matters and be sure that your on-line reputation will bring your success within the issue of employment and professional growth.

The History of Skin Art Essays

The History of Skin Art Essays The History of Skin Art Paper The History of Skin Art Paper Tattoos or skin art as it is commonly called, seems to be the latest fashion trend today. Everywhere you look someone else is getting inked, be it could be the college student, the young mom next door, or the executive in his business suit. The history, selection, safety , and care along with some removal methods are not always obvious nor is a non-permanent alternative. All these things and more will be revealed in a few short moments. The history of skin arts beginnings are some what unclear. Some people like tattoo artist Erik Reime think that it goes back to biblical times, in fact it could be conceived that GOD created the first tattoo when he put the mark upon Cain (3). For others it originated n Egypt or as V. Wageman reviews in Victoria Lautmans book The New Tattoo the first tattoo may have come about when some stone age klutz fell down near a hearth[and] found charcoal embedded in his flesh(8). Through out history we can see that tattoos have served a variety of purposes. They have been the distinguishing mark of a slave or a ruler, they were and still are used in prisons and more recently have become a means of personal expression. In the eighteenth century Capt. James Cook brought back to England some tattooed South Sea islanders. Cooks seamen were among the first westerners to have full body tattoos. From there tattoos progressed to the US where slaves were branded with their owners name or some other distinguishing mark. In a web page written and maintained by Robert Birkins we can see how skin art was also used in the prison camps of the former soviet union where a complex language was developed using tattoos as symbols. Such languages have been studied by specialists in hopes of cutting crime rates in the USSR. Some examples of prison tattoos are: Insert From there we progress to modern day, where skin art has become an avenue of self expression. In our generation the tattoo is seen more as who you are than as a political statement or brand. Tattoos today are about experiences, feelings, and a permanent sense of self-worth and pride. The selection of your skin art is as important as the selection of the artist that applies it and of the care that will later be needed to keep it beautiful. One should always be sure that the design is something that you have a love or passion for, whether you decide on flash (ready made artwork that is usually found on the salon walls or in their portfolios) or have an original design, the art you have applied will be with you always and like it or not the artwork you pick will determine the way some people view you. The traditional way to have a tattoo is of course with needles and ink. There is nothing like the pure and natural adrenaline rush that occurs when you sit in the tattoo artists chair and listen while the high pitched hum of some 1,800 pricks per minute machine makes its mark upon your body. One of the most commonly asked questions is does it hurt? This question has been answered by tattoo artist and salon owner Eric Reine, when he replied yes of course it hurts; however please remember that there are several deciding factors on exactly how much pain youll be in. Among these factors are, where the artwork is located, how big the design is, and how high your tolerance for pain is. All of these are determining factors of how bad the pain will be. Large pieces on your back will hurt a lot more than Insert a quarter size tattoo on your arm. Generally speaking any piece done on the ankle Insert , wrist or fingers will hurt more than one done on a fleshy part of the body simply because of the lack of padding, but please dont let this be the deciding factor in where should I put my tattoo if your ankle is where you want your dolphins or band, then grit your teeth and go for it otherwise you will never be happy with your choice, and removal is both costly and painful. The choices for your skin art are limited only by your imagination, available skin, and your wallet, so think long and hard before jumping in. Recently another method of skin art has made its way the Atlantic and is becoming popular. It is Mehndi:, the ancient art of henna tattooing. In her article Body of Art Maya Brown reports that according to Rabi R. Dabit, founder of the first henna salon in the US. Mehndi is believed to have originated in Egypt more than 7,000 years ago. In fact in a recent article answers published in Essence magazine the writer explains the process is more detail. They report that the tattoo like designs are achieved by painting the skin with a henna paste. Traditionally the designs are placed on the hands, wrists, arms. It is also popular on brides to be, and on other religious and/or special ceremonies(38). One of the primary reasons Mehndi is becoming more popular in the US is because the designs will last one to six weeks depending on the location , size, and the type of henna used, for example the designs put on the arms or stomachs will last longer than the ones on the hands simply because hands are washed more often. The cost depends on the area in which you live, and the different salon owners. If you choose to go the traditional route and get a needle and ink tattoo in addition to design and location, you have to find an artist and shop. There are shops opening up almost everywhere it seems and while most are careful about using disposable needles, sterilizing equipment, and handling the ink properly not all are, so be informed ask a lot of questions before sitting in the chair. A reputable artist will always use disposable latex gloves, normally he will not stop a design once he has started, unless it is a large design or unless you ask him to. In her article So you are thinking about getting a tattoo or body piercing Barbara Freyenberger a RN and MSN student also suggest t visit several shops and artist, check out the lighting, if they are clean, do they require consent forms to be filled out, etc. Most important is do you feel comfortable? If not walk out and try somewhere else, usually your first reaction to a place is the best judgment you can have. One of the reasons for doing your homework when checking out a tattoo artist and/or shop is so important is because there is little or no government regulation or requirements. In fact with the exception of a business license, most states or cities do not require an artist to even have a license. Recently however there have been several bills passed in the senate that will change this. One such bill was passed back in 1996 when the Michigan State Senate voted 37-1 that customers under the age of 18 have a parent or guardian along to sign a consent form before getting a tattoo. If they didnt comply then salon owners would face a stiff fine and possible jail time for violations(Detroit News). Other states have passed bills like Dingells Law, under this bill salon owners would be fined a maximum of $1,000.00 and parents could sue for damages if parental consent was not issued(Tattoo1) More recently Assemblywoman Marion Crecco has introduced two new bills to legislature aimed at regulating the tattoo business. Both are long overdue and for the most part reputable salon owners agree with and welcome the change. The first bill will force the salon owners to obtain a license, the second will require the shop personnel to check Ids and if the client is under 18 he/she will need written parental consent.(Needleman 1). Many shop owners such as Butch Coner agree with the work that the legislation is doing. He believes you cant be too educated in this field that includes the safest, most sterile equipment and procedures in addition to checking identification and having parental consent. What would the results be if the licensing legislation is enacted? Sara Needleman reports that a five member Tattooing and Body Piercing Advisory Committee would be established in the Division of consumer affairs in the department of Public Law and Safety. The committee would be under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Medical Examiners. Applicant for licenses would have to be 18 years of age, of good moral character, and have obtained a high school diploma, Plus, each applicant would have to complete a tattoo or body-piercing education program and pass an examination administered or approved by the board of medical examiners. The licensing bill has been referred to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, while the bill requiring underage children to have parental consent has passed the Consumer Affairs and Regulated Committee and is awaiting a vote in full assembly. Congress, parents, and shop owners want the proposed regulations not just to control underage tattooing but also because tattooing can cause serious health risks if proper precautions are not taken. Some problems include infections, hepatitis and more recently a burning sensation during an MRI. Pam Moore reports in a recent healthbeat show entitled MRIs Tattoos that very rarely patients complain of a burning sensation the area of the tattoo. DR Jermon Barkas who heads the California Pacific Medical Centers MRI imaging center explains that the problem is caused by the metal that is contained is some red tattoo dyes, so that Theoretically there is a risk that the metal in the tattoo could heat up in the MRI machine. However he further explains that it is very rare for a patient to have a problem like this and there is no reason to avoid having an MRI if it is needed. Okay, you have picked out the tattoo design, figured out an artist and shop to make your dream come trueNow how do you care for it? Most shops will give you an oral directions and a card something like the one here. Insert But if not , an internet source Tattoo Revolution suggests: Of all these directions Do not pick scabs is the most important because when you pick the scab off it results in scarring, loss of color and it increases the risk of infection. Another FAQ is What if I change my mind, and I dont like my tattoo? For this problem there are only three solutions. The first is the easiest and cheapest: Swallow hard and live with it. The second solution is a cover-up. This will require a talented artist, a little pain, and some imagination, and a fair amount of expense. This method works best for small pieces and is best left between the artist and yourself. Finally there is tattoo removal. This is without a doubt the most expensive way to have a tattoo removed. One internet source finds that since there are several methods to remove a tattoo today, you physician will choose one depending on several factors, such as the size of the tattoo, location, and the amount of time you had your artwork. It continues with the following explanations and graphics. The most popular way of removing a small tattoo is by Excision, this procedure involves numbing the area and surgically removing the tattoo, the edges are stitched back together and off you go with minimal bleeding and discomfort. Insert Dermabrasion is another method. This requires the physician to spray the tattoo with a solution that will freeze the area. Then the physician causes the skin to peel by rubbing it with a sandpaper-like material. A dressing is then applied. Insert Perhaps the oldest method available is Salabrasion. This century old procedure is similar to dermabrasion in that the sandpaper-like material is used however in this method after the area is numbed a salt water solution is applied before the sanding occurs. With new technological breakthroughs happening almost daily, Lasers have quickly become the newest and easiest form of tattoo removable available. Insert Three such techniques have been introduced recently, while not cheap they will erase that tattoo and with minimal scarring. Selective Phototherolysis is recommended for small easy to remove tattoos. This method uses lasers to destroy only the inked skin cells so it has little scarring. This process has been further improved with the introduction of High Lesion according to the director of The Laser and Skin Surgery of New York, New York Citys Roy Geronemus, MD in an article written by Linda Benson for Dermatology Times. The Vetrapulse CO2 laser is designed to remove the super thin layers of skin (again with little scarring) this method may need to be combined with selective lasers to remove all of the inked cells. Another laser used for tattoo removal is the Pohotoderm PL Laser while this method will get all the pigment out at once the results are not as consistent according to dermatologist Steven B. Snyder, MD (Geracil). A tattoo is a very personal thing. One that for most requires a lot of thought and planning. This combined with the proper artist, care, and legislation will make you vision come true. If not there is always the alternative of removal so, Tattoo or Not to Tattoo the decision is yours.

Edwige Danticats novel Breath, Eye and memory - significance in Essay

Edwige Danticats novel Breath, Eye and memory - significance in relation to the story of Haitian-American culture, the relationship of the women, and the burden of inheritance - Essay Example It is a case of honor for her. She believes in personal commitments and implies that it takes much more than a piece of paper for keeping memory. She derides Atie and Louise's trip to officially register themselves in the city archives. She tells stories of the baby's birth and Ti Alice's rendezvous showing her wider experience and a kind of special literacy she is aware of. She has the capability of forming an entire story from the night's whisperings and the blinking of lights on the hill. In the stories she attempted to frighten her daughters knowing well the harshness of the society and the cruelty on women who do not adhere to the mold. For Ife, Brigitte's face evokes generations of ancestors. She attempts to arrange reconciliation of the estranged family; her two daughters and granddaughter, she is well aware of the stakes. She knows that the family must stay strong and stay together if its daughters are to bear up under the weight of the world. Atie is characterized by the traditional duty bound Haitian woman, who had her own share of 'test'ing of her hymen as a proof of her virginity and purity. She has the traditional duty of looking after Sophie, her sister's illegitimate daughter. She gives all the love and affection of a mother to Sophie, in the process makes Sophie regard her as her own mother. Sophie wants to give her the mother's Day card. But a dutiful Atie would have none of it. She wants to save the younger generation from the political turmoil of Haiti. She wants Sophie to follow the Haitian tradition; a daughter should follow her mother, insisting her to go to her mother Martine, as she herself is going to her mother Ife as a duty to look after old mother. She is heartbroken by the treachery of Monsier Augustine, but hides it well. Till Sophie was with her, she refused to learn reading and writing, even inventing her own method of communication with her sister by exchanging cassettes, recording their own messa ges. But after Sophie's departure she not only learns reading, she starts maintaining notebook. She is heartbroken by the treachery of Louse who leaves her even without informing. She once again feels that she has been used for her company, her body, her presence, but was not loved actually. She feels that Sophie is the only person who did not betray her, and tells Sophie about how she has loved Sophie as her own child. But at the end she liberates herself in her own Haitian way. She shows her freedom by her alcoholism, going out at night, going to graveyard, doing things on her own, at her will. The character of Martine gives us different shades of human nature. She is true believer of her Haitian traditions. She cannot adjust her life after loosing her purity by rape. Martine's rape by an unknown man, possibly a Macoute, is the defining event in her life, bringing with it overpowering feelings of fear and self-loathing which she passes on to her daughter Sophie. The nightmare of loosing her purity haunts her all her life. She lives the agony of rape every night. Her daughter Sophie is a regular reminder of her rape, as she feels that the

Social Characteristic of the Different Races in the US Essay

Social Characteristic of the Different Races in the US - Essay Example Further 12.70% of the populations in the US are poor and this is according to the US census website, this paper discusses the social characteristics of the ethnic groups living in the US. The following diagram summarizes the components of the US population The US population which amounts to 299,398,484, of this number 66.40% are white, 14.80% Hispanic, 12.60% are black and only 4.40% are Asians. Therefore whites are the majority and only a few Asians are in the US. From the 2006 report 12.70% of the US population in 2006 was poor, for the 12.70% 595 were white, 21% Hispanic, and 16% black and only 4% were Asians, the following chart summarizes the findings from the 2006 report regarding the US population. From the above table it is evident that the majority of those living in poverty are white while Asians have the least number of individuals, who are poor, the above figures are summarized in the chart below: The level of poverty among the ethnic groups can be attributed to various factors which include level of education, economic opportunities and cultural differences and these factors are discussed below. The level of income is also an important social characteristic of the ethnic groups, the level of income for 2006 is given for each fifth dollar, the table below summarizes the values for each ethnic group. From the above table it is evident that the Asians have higher... 102,714 184,338 Asian 4,454 26,300 50,000 80,202 126,000 222,429 Hispanic 12,973 17,000 30,000 46,040 73,220 130,600 From the above table it is evident that the Asians have higher income compared to the other groups, whites have the second largest income, the Blacks have the lowest income followed the Hispanics, this data regarding the lower limit of the top five percent is summarized below: Asians therefore are high income earners while blacks are the lowest income earners, this can explain the reason why Asians have the low percentage of those that are poor. Insurance: Insurance coverage is also an important factor when analyzing these groups, the table below summarizes those who are insured, from the table below it is evident that for those that are insured only 5% are Asians, 13% are black, 15% are Hispanic and 67% are white. insured percentage Asian 14,348 5% black 39,083 13% Hispanic 44,854 15% white 196,252 67% 294,537 The following diagram summarizes the percentage of each ethnic group that is insured: Majority of those insured are white while only 5% of those insured are Asians. 67% of those insured are white, 15% of those insured are Hispanic, 13% of those insured are black and for those insured only 5% are Asians. Education attainment: We retrieved data on education attainment 2003 report; the following table summarizes the findings regarding high school and college education attainment: high school college graduate Hispanic 57.0 11.1 black 80.0 17.0 white 85.1 27.2 Asian 87.6 47.2 From the table above 57% of Hispanics have attained high school education and only 11% have attained college education, 80% of blacks have also attained high school education but only 17% have attained college education. 85.1% of white have attained high school

Summarize the political, economic, and social developments from 1763 Essay

Summarize the political, economic, and social developments from 1763 to 1775 that led to the war between the American colonies and England - Essay Example The annihilation of the Stamp Act and unpopular taxes in 1765-1766 have improved the relations between American provinces and Britain but the American agents have felt that they are able to claim greater economic and political independence in creating and controlling the inner market. When William Pitt became the head of administration the tensions decreased to some extend in summer 1766, especially taking into account his Declaratory Act in which the American colonies were granted freedom in terms of inner taxation. Business and politics in England during the 18th century was based on the personal relations, such bonds as amity and marriage were of high importance in developing the trading community. For example, the religious beliefs tied men in economic ventures - Quakers dealt only with co-religionists. The Currency Act of 1764 was introduced by the Board of Trade and it was less severe than intended by the commission. Unlike the Act of 1751 which established the rules for bills, the new Act of 1764 was more a compromise among the merchants, agents and commissioners of trade. Such bill of credit was beneficial for the colonies because the money was already retiring and in the years 1766-1768 the amount of cash circulating was continuously decreasing. When the French and Indian wars were at the concluding stage, the protection of American colonies was perceived as the major task - the British government has sent 10,000 troops to North America in order to defend the new territories1. It has led to the constitutional disputes. The Grenville ministry realised that the price for protection was too high - the debt increased while the participation of American troops in colony protection was minimal. As the result, the colonial assemblies had devoted all their efforts to limit the agent's freedom of action and challenged their political authority in America. The arrival of the British troops caused the constitutional and political debates about the rights and freedoms of colonies. The Mutiny Acts were regularly passed as the part of the Revolutionary Settlement of 1688 while when there was an attempt to extend these acts to America, the questions regarding the personal freedoms of individual and the questionable power of Parliament in colonies were raised. Moreover, the troops had no permanent facilities and the local population was expected to support them with food and housing, however, in many colonies the civil authorities refused to provide any services to the British troops. In addition, very little was done to reduce the three-pence duty - the tax the Americans believed was prohibitive and slowed down the development of the Northern colonies. The ministry did not accept this analysis and passed the duty into practice, as the result, many of the officials executing this law were seized and imprisoned by the local authorities. Weakness of the British Administration During the winter 1765-1766 the British colonial policies were influenced the most both by the colonial agents and British merchants2. The Stamp Act was annihilated, the taxes on imports were reduced and the trade laws became less strict. Even though these changes seem to be not important and small, they became the beginning of separation from the motherland - Britain. The American Whigs have boycotted the British goods and managed to put

Human Capital In International Companies Management Essay

Human Capital In International Companies Management Essay To expand internationally, arises different problems and challenges for HR managers in human resources department. It is more difficult to manage employees abroad, than if employees were in the home base. The growth of Wooden Bakery internationally determined new assignment and tasks. There is a need to successfully manage this for the benefit of both Wooden Bakery and the individuals. The paper observes the change from domestic to international HR management, which examines issues of culture, contracts, agreements, recruitment process, and remuneration in Wooden Bakery expansion to other countries. All the same, the paper discusses suggestions for HR managers, which involve cultural research, and the functions of selection, training, performance management and remuneration. In this new era of globalisation, international human resource management is becoming a vital concept for human resource managers to be able to practice human resources functions, starting to mention, recruitment selection, performance appraisal, compensation benefits, training development and finally employees relations. This is important for human resource managers in multinational corporations and also in domestic based human resource managers who import employees from overseas. To stay updated with the changing world, human resource managers will have to have an international vision of how to manage their individuals successfully both at home and abroad. Managing international human resources allows wooden bakery to participate more effectively in the market place, and is a developing tool for its employees. Part 1: Introduction Human Resources Definition Human Resources is not only involved in paying the employees their salaries and providing them with the benefits; however it comprises one of the organizations important resource that is the Human resource through hiring, training and developing and most importantly retaining them for the benefits of both parties. Human Resources refer to the policies, systems and employment practices that are used to attract, motivate, develop and retain firms employees. In other words, human resources is considered as an organization function, that focus on recruitment, providing career path for the people who work in the firm, and deals with personnel issues such as hiring, compensation benefits, performance appraisal, safety, employees motivation and finally training development. Human resources is no longer a traditional personnel, and administration, however Human resources role is more strategic and deal with strategic aspect, to make sure that employees contribute effectively and works in parallel with the company direction to achieve the firms goals and objectives. Human Resources functions are common to most firms, first by attracting talented people by recruiting and selection, secondly retaining talented people by wage and salary, benefits and employees relations and finally developing the people by training, development and performance appraisal. Nearly every company says ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Human Resources importance and Need in International Companies The Human Resources department is important in all multinational and international companies. Recruiting and selecting is one function completed by HR, and their main responsibility is hiring and retaining companys most important asset that is our PEOPLE. Failure to do so, and lack of strong, motivated and satisfied employees, working in the right place in a firm will leads to hiring the wrong people, high turnover, employees will not do their best in their jobs and having some candidates demotivated. Thus, without good employees, the best business plan and ideas will be unsuccessful. As well, Human resources take care of all the employees concerns, make sure to solve employees issues immediately and to play the fair judge between the employee and the organization, for both sides advantage. Nevertheless, Human resources guarantee smooth functioning of the operation, good and safe working conditions and ensure that all staff is performing their jobs efficiently and toward the organization goals and objectives. Accordingly, Human Resources Manager evaluates all the employees, reward, takes disciplinary actions or dismissal. Another important role under the human resources umbrella is training and development, and creating career path for all employees, to retain and develop the existing employees, and attract new talented people, in this way the HR will improve the organization reputation, credibility and commitment from staff, thus become an employer of choice and reduce turnover. In this world of globalization, and companys expansion to other countries, Human resources adopt new cultures, and take care of all legal requirements as per the new country rules and regulations, as well as managing payroll, and other presented benefits. As per the strategic approach, human resources play an important function in developing an organization strategy, and managing the employees activities. Part 2: Analysis of the Organization 2.1- Wooden Bakery History Wooden Bakery was founded in Jal El Dib Lebanon in 1969 by Mr. Edward Bou Habib. It was a simple Bakery providing the market with freshly baked quality Bread. In the last decade Wooden Bakery literally revolutionized the bakery industry in Lebanon by setting new standards and upgrading its products and services. Edwards two sons Assaad and Ghassan Bou Habib planned and designed the new concept on paper in 1996. With immense vision and an innovative spirit, Wooden Bakery developed a unique concept gathering Bread (of all kinds), Pastries, Sweets, Sandwiches, Salads and Deli. The first Wooden Bakery Outlet opened at Zalka highway in October 1999. Wooden Bakery launched the first franchised operation in 2002 and expanded to 26 franchised outlets in Lebanon by the end of the year 2012. Wooden Bakery opened the first Master Franchise Operation in Saudi Arabia in July 2009, and currently negotiating the sale of the Master Franchise with a number of companies from the GCC countries. The Concept of the Factory Wooden Bakery system revolves around a state of the art industrial baking facility. It includes the latest and most advanced machinery and equipment in the baking industry. Human Resources department make sure to hires top Master Bakers, Pastry Chefs, and highly qualified Managers and Quality Controllers to assure the freshest and most consistent products for our markets. The Wooden Bakery factory produces from 100 to 150 tons of flours per day depending on the market need and factory size. Wooden Bakery is the leading supplier of high quality Freshly Baked Arabic Bread in the Lebanese market. The Wooden Bakery Factory is capable of supplying a large number of: Arabic and European Bread Products Bread Sticks Dry Desert Products French Pastry Cakes Cakes for any occasions (Wilton Cakes) Croissants and Danishes Arabic Sweets The Wooden Bakery Factory houses a central kitchen facility which produces Mixes and Semi Finished Products for the outlets such as: Marinated Chicken and Beef Cheese Blend A Variety of Mixes and Blends Frozen Appetizers PAR Baked Products The Concept of the Outlet Wooden Bakery Outlets are designed to service all classes of people in any market around the globe. All Wooden Bakery Outlets are located on Main Road Arteries in Strategic Areas, and considered as a One-Stop-Shop where one can buy Fresh Hot French and Arabic Bread, French, Arabic and American Sweets. The Wooden Bakery Outlets offers all mentioned products at Competitive Prices and offer a warm ambiance through its Unique Design, Clean Safe Environment and Excellent Service for its customers. The Wooden Bakery Outlets offer a wide variety of products: Fresh Hot Bread Appetizing Vienneoiserie Mouth-Watering Arabic, French and American Pastry items Scrumptious selection of hundreds of Cheese Deli products Self-Service Products offering the Top 100 items found in every Home Delicious Manakish, Salads, Sandwiches, Submarines, Pizzas, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 2.2- Mission and Vision Mission Statement: Our mission is to push our presence and create a brand in the Bakery Industry by Offering MORE and Delivering BETTER Vision Statement Our vision is to dominate the market by building stores on all main road arteries and major cities and towns in Lebanon and beyond, Our products would be available at ALL grocery stores, supermarkets, catering companies and therefore in every single home in Lebanon. 2.3- Local and Multinational Expansion Wooden Bakery first Outlet opened at Zalka highway in October 1999. The first Wooden Bakery franchised operation launched in 2002 and expanded to 26 franchised outlets in Lebanon by the end of the year 2012. Baabda- Hazmieh Mansourieh Bauchrieh Elyssar Awkar Zouk Mikael Zouk Mosbeh Jounieh Jbeil Kfarhbab Amioun Tripoli Zahleh Zalka Jal El Dib Fanar Dekwaneh Chtaura Roumieh Burj Hamoud Sour Zgharta (Soon) Achrafieh (Soon) Chiah (Soon) Naccach (Soon) Bayada(Soon) Wooden Bakery opened the first Master Franchise Operation in Saudi Arabia in July 2009, and currently negotiating the sale of the Master Franchise with a number of companies from the GCC countries. Wooden Bakery KSA Wooden Bakery  plan was centred on the key concept that customer satisfaction all over the world is the main goal. It has established and developed its first Master Franchise in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on July 2009. Its successful set up  can be measured by how our products and services that we supply meet however surpass the Saudi customers expectations. The Bread Factory Outlet was built on a 10,000 m2 space to house all the production equipment  that will  supply Bread and Pastry products and Central Kitchen Food Production to a number of outlets along with the wholesale distribution of Wooden Bakery Products. The Store is spread over two levels that house a main showroom with an eating area and a restaurant. Wooden Bakery has received the award for the Fastest Growing Lebanese Company at the prestigious Social Economic Award 2011, instituted by the global communications agency First Protocol to recognize outstanding achievements by organizations in the social and economic sphere. Today, the name of Wooden Bakery not only spells trust and quality, however, it has become a marked proof that a brand can be born, even in the Lebanese bakery industry. Wooden Bakerys expansion in the Lebanese territory has facilitated the achievement of the owners mission, proving that Wooden Bakery is worthy of the award that comes as a natural translation of its ever-expanding drive to Offer More and Deliver Better. 2.4- Wooden Bakery SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis Strengths Serves all classes of people Big Variety of products (produced and non-produced by WB items) One Stop Shop Mushrooming Franchise (outlets are located on main roads in strategic areas) All outlets have the same image Product differentiation in the PRESTO section sandwiches. Ex. Rustic Bread Customers loyalty Quality (Shelf life limited) Freshness products (core value) Diversity of products (Arabic, French Pastries Viennoiserie charcuterie Arabic Bread) Rank among the top 25 companies in Lebanon Hold high level of market share in Leb. Balance menu (variety, quality, and price) Quality Control Management during process, on final product and in outlets Franchise Support Weaknesses Outlets are rented premises which leads to increase the operating expenses Franchise operated outlets might not have same level of loyalty as the outlets owned by Wooden Bakery Increase in raw materials and labour costs Not every franchised store owner get involved in the PL statement No direct authority High start-up cost Delivery Service Advertising plan to increase sales through brand awareness Family Business Opportunities Market trend turning bakeries into a wider shopping outlets Healthy eating trend Opening new and international markets New inventions for competition Threats Increase in Labour costs put pressure on button line margins Increase in raw materials costs put pressure on gross profit margins Quality of service focus with the presence of competitors in the market Many competitors (bakerys, supermarkets, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Part 3: Methodology and Results 3.1- Describing Human Resources at Wooden Bakery At Wooden Bakery, the human resources department used to work the traditional personnel management tasks, generating payroll and registering employees in NSSF. The Main human resources achievement was shifting from personnel management to human resources management, implementing all human resources functions, and be more involved in Wooden Bakery strategic plan. Human Resources department today mainly concentrates on recruitment, management, and providing directions and guidance for the people who work in Wooden Bakery. Human Resources department deals with employees concerns such as compensation, hiring, performance appraisal, employee motivation, safety, benefits, employees relations, and training development. However, Wooden Bakery HR department make sure that all the employees are effectively contributing to the overall company direction and to accomplish the organization goals and objectives. The administration roles usually played by the Human Resources department are becoming increasingly aligned with the company strategic plan, which in turn is evolving the HR into becoming: Human Resources Management.   3.2- HR Functions in Wooden Bakery 3.1.1- Recruitment and Selection The ability of Wooden Bakery to achieve its objectives of profitable and sustainable growth and high-quality product and service standards depends on the quality of its Human Capital. The recruiting function, which directly affects the quality of Wooden Bakerys human resources, will represent a critical function in the companys development. It is therefore important that a clear recruiting mechanism is established in order to optimize applicant selection, while supporting Wooden Bakerys strategic orientation and values. Proper and professional recruiting is necessary in order to avoid undesirable effects, including: Negative publicity or damage to the companys image Wasted time and effort to interview applicants who do not meet Wooden Bakerys needs Cost incurred in training recruits who should not have passed the recruiting interviews High turnover rates The hiring process in Wooden Bakery includes Recruiting, Processing, Eliminating, Selecting, Rejecting, File Building, Placing, and Orienting. The recruiting process is divided into three phases: Pre-recruiting, Recruiting, and Post-Recruiting. It involves: Posting a job advertisement in appropriate places Evaluating the information provided on each application Screening candidates to determine which ones to interview Verifying references and information Conducting personal interviews Deciding who will be offered the job Orienting the new employee about the organization 3.2.2- Performance appraisal Wooden Bakery use a new assessment concept for evaluating employees, 365 Evaluation, that is created to monitor and evaluate the productivity of Wooden Bakery administration and management staff throughout the year. The concept covers three different aspects and tackles employees productivity by looking at: Missions accomplished (Monthly Evaluation) Key performance indicators (KPI) (Quarterly Evaluation) Yearly competency evaluation The purpose of the 365 Evaluation is to: Monitor the productivity of Wooden Bakery administration and management staff throughout the year. Compensate and reward exceptional achievements, and where applicable take disciplinary actions against under-achievers. The benefits to be gained from conducting performance appraisals include: Recognizing accomplishments and reflecting the results through monetary terms (Salary increase, Promotion, Bonus, etc.) Identifying newly acquired competencies Preparing employee development plans Planning improvement where deficiencies are found Goal-setting Communication between supervisors and employees Monthly Evaluation Mission Based Mission based evaluation is a tracking system that records and rates the mission undertaken by Wooden Bakery administration and management staff on Monthly Basis. Title Subtitle Illustration 1-Mission Details Title Missions name Date Duration Date of registering the idea and expected mission duration Owner The employee who created the idea and who is the custodian for its implementation Department Self-explanatory Mission Scope Objectives Scopeis the sum total of all products, services and outcomes needed to make sure that the mission is successfully done. Objectivesare the benefits, outcomes, or performance improvements that are expected to be accomplished by the mission. Authority Structure List of personnel involved and needed for the completion of the mission and the designed authority distribution 2-Mission Program Task Breakdown Breakdown of tasks and assigning a start and a duration for each task Start Duration 3-Mission Kick-off Registration Owner Signature The mission owner has to register the mission with the HR department after it has been noted by the direct supervisor and approved by the concerned VP Direct Supervisor VP (Concerned) Human Resources Manager 4-Mission Evaluation Score for Innovative At the completion of the mission, the owner has to get the formal evaluation of the concerned VP. 3 criteria will be used to evaluate the mission (Innovative, Importance, Impact) Score for Importance Score for Impact 5- Approvals 3 parties and the checking of the Internal Audit department Once rated by the concerned VP, the mission score is registered by the HR in the Mission Tracking System. The internal Audit team is entitled to monitor the proper implementation of the system. Quarterly Evaluation (Productivity Based) The Quarterly Evaluation is a system that measures the productivity of Wooden Bakery administration and management staff by looking at five (5) aspects: Attendance Mission Accomplishment Policy and Procedure Development (creation and implementation of new procedure) Introduction of Improving Ideas (Cost saving ideas Process improving ideas) Productivity Measurement (Vary from one department to another each department will be evaluated by using five indicators) Yearly Evaluation (Competency Based) The Yearly Evaluation is a systematic way of measuring, reviewing and analysing employee performance on a yearly basis and using the information gathered to plan for the employees future with Wooden Bakery. The feedback is used to judge employee effectiveness as well as provide necessary Training and development to improve the employees contributions to the Wooden Bakerys goals. The purpose of the Yearly Evaluation at Wooden Bakery is for the manager or the direct supervisor and the concerned employee to have an open discussion about performance expectations and actual performance. The employees actual level of performance is compared to the estimated level of performance using standards that were developed by the supervisor. This expected level of performance is to be derived from competencies needed to perform the job in the highest level of professionalism. The comparison of actual performance with expectations and standards serves as a basis for recognizing accomplishments and planning for improvement where insufficiencies are found. Performance appraisals may also be utilized in a progressive disciplinary process to resolve continuing poor performance. 3.2.3- Training and development Wooden Bakery encourage growth and career development of its employees by coaching, and helping them to achieve their personal goals, through providing adequate training, encouragement of staff development, and chances for growth. Wooden Bakery training methods include: Orientation training, Orientation training is the process Wooden Bakery use for welcoming a new employee into Wooden Bakery family. New employee orientation, often organized by a meeting with the Human Resources department, that generally contains information about the new job description, the work environment, company culture, company history, the organization chart, tour of department, introduction to colleagues, Wooden Bakery rules and regulations, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ On-the-job-training On the job training is used in both our branches and factory to teach new employees how to perform job duties. Sometimes training sessions take place in the headquarters and some other times on site. For example, customer service, food safety and hygiene, menu implementation. Conferences and Seminars Wooden Bakery works on developing its employees skills by sending them to international conferences, Seminars and Workshops. Some of the trainings attended by Wooden Bakery administration employees: RD Technician and RD Manager were sent in 2010 to Las Vegas to attend Baking Industry Trade Fair Production Manager and RD Manager were sent in 2012 to Bulguim to attend Professional training session held by PURATOS Quality Controller Supervisor and RD Supervisor were sent in 2012 to Paris to attend training with Chopin Technologies Maintenance Manager was sent in 2012 to Vienna to attend a conference in ROSENDAHL Company. 3.2.4- Compensation and benefits The term compensation in Wooden Bakery refers to the wages used to reward employees. As for benefits, Wooden Bakery offers paid vacations to its employees. Wooden Bakery wishes to maintain a sense of fairness and equity within the pay structure Grading System. For each position at Wooden Bakery the following will be defined: The Minimum, the Middle, and the Maximum fixed salary range The minimum and maximum of each fixed salary range is selected in line with market realities, and based on external salary surveys of comparable organizations. The parameters used to determine the weight of each job and thus giving an accurate grade based on numerical study: Know How Technical Knowledge Management Extent Human Relations Highest Education Level Problem Solving Reasoning Decision Making Communication Influence on Others Accountability Freedom to Act Magnitude of Action Impact of Decisions Working Conditions Long Working Hours Working during Holidays Extensive Traveling Hazardous Environment and Critical Encounters The grading system at Wooden Bakery offers a clear career path for employees who show potentials to advance within the company hierarchy. Moving horizontally within the same grade is governed by different factors including: Seniority (1.5 years spent in each level) Performance Appraisal Recommendations Acquiring Additional Skills (Experience and Education) Top Management Discression Moving vertically is governed by different factors including: Performance Appraisal Recommendations Acquiring Additional Skills (Experience and Education) Availability of the vacancy 3.2.5- Employees Relations Wooden Bakery promotes a positive atmosphere, and encourages positive relations between employees, to be able to reach the organization goals and objectives. Employees Relations is concerned to prevent and resolve problems involved by employees which arise out of or might affect Wooden Bakery work atmosphere. Wooden Bakery employees relation involves the relation between the employees with each other or their relation with their supervisors. Wooden Bakery concerned supervisors provide advises on how to correct poor performance and employee misconduct. The Company Disciplinary Action is to help and encourage employees to improve, achieve and maintain standards of conduct, attendance and job performance. It also enables management to deal effectively with those employees who do not comply with Wooden Bakery standards of conduct, attendance and performance in the workplace. Employee relations are designed in a manner which is non-discriminatory and which is Fair consistent and effective. It must also be applied in a timely manner and without undue delay. 3.3- Human Resources Planning for Global expansion Global expansion is a growth strategy for the future. It is at the heart of Wooden Bakerys development strategy. The owners are constantly striving to raise market share through expansion primarily in the Middle east and subsequently worldwide, in order to win over increasing numbers of customers. Wooden Bakery began seeking out growth and expansion, looking to reach out into new markets through Master Franchising and/or Partnership/Joint Venture. Wooden Bakery planned to expand worldwide after going through a number of challenges and risks that need to be taken into consideration along with is the Human Resources. The human recourse factor refers to the hiring of employees in the foreign markets, and the challenges and risks that come with doing so. Wooden Bakery will always take into consideration the foreign country laws, rules and regulations, which might be far different from our country of origin and which may seem difficult to manage with. One of the differences is the employees contracts in other foreign countries, which define the parameters of an employees job benefits, including vacation time, working hours, salaries, compensation, severance pay, etc. The differences stated earlier will mandate that the total packages offered abroad are tangibly higher than those offered within the Lebanese region. Thus, the existence of all the above variances means that any organization looking to expand internationally will need to do unlimited researches in regards to the foreign markets, since it might affect its operation. Implementing a global business strategy requires having the right people in the right places; it requires specialized leadership skills-managing the work of people with different backgrounds and customs. 3.4- Global Expansion Requires New HR and Training Strategies Recently the role of HR shifted from being a normal cost center and support service into becoming a strategic partner. Most organizations simply understand that their people are their competitive advantage, and view human resources as an investment, not an expense. Companies invest in their employees, because the future of the company belongs to the people who are continually involved in educating themselves and developing their skills and knowledge. As companies grow internationally, it is so crucial for global regular employees training. It is human resources challenge to train employees to be able to meet the organization mission as well as the requirements needed and the new region customs. Unfortunately, the majority of companies have the passion and commitment, to invest in their employees and provide them the necessary training for international exposure, but the budget necessary to achieve these goals may not. However, Wooden Bakery focuses on training and has enlarged its training department with highly qualified people who provide all the employees with necessary trainings and skill development opportunities to make sure that organizational goals are achieved. Top Master Bakers, Pastry Chefs, and highly qualified Managers and Quality Controllers are being sent to Wooden Bakery KSA to provide necessary training that ensures standardization and product consistency are being implemented. Companies that have a clear training and development strategy will note growth in the following areas, Reduced turnover: well trained employees are more likely to stay with your organization and it decreases the expenses of employing and training costs. Better productivity: well trained employees are more productive. Workforce: employees will have a deeper understanding of organization goals and mission, and will know their role in reaching those aims. 3.5- The HR Challenges of International Expansion One of the very important skills for domestic companies to grow global is the international HR management. As much as it is important for multinational and international companies, it is essential for HR department in domestic companies that recruit people from abroad. Nowadays there are many challenges that international human resources department has to take into consideration, starting to mention the cultural impacts, the local rules and regulations and finally working conditions and salary packages. HR policies and leadership development should grow since almost every business in all sectors risk a big share of their growth strategies on global expansion. There are many activities and skills that have become crucial to success. These activities include attracting and retaining skilled employees, increasing productivity, improving the workforce in the market, organizing the company by placing the competent and credible leadership in the right positions and moulding the beliefs and differences between personnel. Ethnical preferences and expectations can weaken a companys human resource strategy in globalization and can affect its effectiveness due to the influence of the economy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to i